An AI agent is fundamentally a language model combined with a Unix bash shell, a file system, markdown format for files, and a cron job-like loop for a heartbeat.

OpenAI Claw has a memory system, scratch pad for short-term memory, file system, skills, resource management, scheduling, cron jobs, and IO subsystems

AI agents can migrate themselves to different runtime environments, file systems, or language models, and possess full introspection, allowing them to rewrite their own files and add new functions/features to themselves.